![]() ![]() In fact, the severe adverse effects induced by chemotherapeutic drugs on healthy tissues and organs are a major reason behind the high mortality rate of cancer patients. ![]() The agents are nonselective and can also damage healthy normal tissues, causing severe unintended and undesirable side effects, e.g., loss of appetite and nausea. Conventional chemotherapy works primarily by interfering with DNA synthesis and mitosis, leading to the death of rapidly growing and dividing cancer cells. Current cancer treatment options include surgical intervention, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy or a combination of these options. However, the mortality rate has decreased in the past 5 years due to a better understanding of tumor biology and improved diagnostic devices and treatments. ![]() With more than 10 million new cases each year, cancer-related deaths are projected to increase in the near future with an estimation by the World Health Organization of ~13.1 million cancer-related deaths by the year 2030 1. Cancer includes a range of diseases that arise as a result of the unregulated growth of malignant cells, which have the potential to invade or spread to other body parts. ![]()
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